DELLA基因家族在被子植物中的系统演化关系

基于被子植物各主要分支代表类群的DELLA氨基酸序列，开展它们在被子植物中演化关系的系统发育分析.DELLA基因家族在双子叶植物早期演化阶段经历了一次复制事件，形成2大分支，每支都包含相应的蔷薇类和菊类；单子叶植物没有经历早期的复制事件，所有的DELLA基因聚在一起形成单一的支系.另外，证实了在被子植物的双子叶植物中存在第3个DELLA基因支系.     

Progenesis as a principle in meiofauna evolution

The interstitial meiofaunal taxa may have evolved in very different ways, which are shortly discussed and schematically represented. Several taxa reveal the possibility of an evolutionary pathway by early maturation of larvae or juvenile stages of large size species with a pelago-benthic life-cycle. This presumed progenetic (= neotenic) evolution can be sustantiated in, for example, various Polychaeta and Crustacea by larval or juvenile morphological features. The progenetic origin of several of these taxa is also strongly supported by morphological series, of which species conforming well with typical larvae form the endpoint. The monophyletic origin of similar progenetic taxa, however, is only proved with difficulties. The theoretical available phylogenetic reconstructions for a series of progenetic taxa are discussed. It is emphasized that progenetic evolution is not regressive or degenerate but novel morphological features like derived reproductive organs are characteristic indications of the progenetic origin of a species. In general, progenesis may have a significant role in the evolution of higher taxa in the interstitial habitat.     

Salen-Co(Ⅲ)配合物催化CO_2和环氧乙烷生成环状碳酸酯

Salen-Co(Ⅲ)配合物催化CO2和环氧化合物合成环状碳酸酯的反使用了温室气体CO2为原料来合成有用的分子,同时该反应符合原子经济性,是最有潜力的绿色化学反应之一.讨论了Salen-Co(Ⅲ)配合物催化CO2和环氧化合物合成环状碳酸酯反应中取得的重大进展,尤其是催化合成手性环状碳酸酯的化学选择性问题.     

《皇明条法事类纂》所见明成弘间“讲读律令”教育实践

明成化、弘治年间《皇明条法事类篡》＂讲读律令＂通过条例的形式将其予以细化和定制,给我们展示出了这一时期＂讲读律令＂丰富的条例背景、法源以及在官员、士子讲读律令条例规文中的各项具体安排与演变,大大弥补了《大明律》＂讲读律令＂条相关信息缺失的局限,有助于加深我们对于明代前中期推行＂讲读律令＂教育的了解。     

Histories of molecules: Reconciling the past

Molecular data and methods have become centrally important to evolutionary analysis, largely because they have enabled global phylogenetic reconstructions of the relationships between organisms in the tree of life. Often, however, molecular stories conflict dramatically with morphology-based histories of lineages. The evolutionary origin of animal groups provides one such case. In other instances, different molecular analyses have so far proved irreconcilable. The ancient and major divergence of eukaryotes from prokaryotic ancestors is an example of this sort of problem. Efforts to overcome these conflicts highlight the role models play in phylogenetic reconstruction. One crucial model is the molecular clock; another is that of ‘simple-to-complex’ modification. I will examine animal and eukaryote evolution against a backdrop of increasing methodological sophistication in molecular phylogeny, and conclude with some reflections on the nature of historical science in the molecular era of phylogeny.     

PP/ABS合金的制备及不同阻燃剂对其性能的影响

选用过氧化二异丙苯(DCP)作为交联剂,三烯丙基异氰脲酸酯(TAIC)作为助交联剂,在密炼机里熔融共混制备PP/ABS合金.对制得的产物进行红外光谱、扫描电镜测试.结果表明最佳的添加量为DCP 0.2%(质量分数),TAIC4%(质量分数);在制得的PP/ABS合金的基础上,先单独添加阻燃剂N,N-四溴邻苯二甲酰亚胺(BT-93W),然后进行BT-93W和阻燃增效剂2,3-二甲基-2,3-二苯基丁烷(DMDPB)复合添加,对制得的两种复合材料进行力学性能、极限氧指数、垂直燃烧实验测试.结果表明:阻燃协效剂DMDPB复合BT-93W使用时,在不影响阻燃性能的情况下,能大幅度减少BT-93W的用量,减少其对材料力学和加工性能的影响.     

镍催化的多组分炔-醛烷基化偶联反应研究进展

主要综述的是近几年发展起来的镍催化不对称炔-醛(酮)烷基化偶联反应,包括分子间、分子内的炔-醛(酮)烷基化多组分偶联反应,其关键主要涉及的是烷基取代有机金属试剂中的氢原子转移加成到炔烃上.并对部分的反应机理进行了介绍.     

我国农村应用现代信息技术的阶段性特征聚类分析

参考有关学者提出的我国农村信息化测度指标体系原则,结合可得到的可用数据,以直接简明的指标,运用主成分聚类方法,对我国农村应用现代信息技术的阶段性特征进行聚类分析,得出从1995—2009年我国农民应用现代信息技术的阶段性演变分类结果,说明国家政策和农村经济状况对农民应用现代信息技术的程度影响显著,可为我国农民家庭应用现代信息技术持续发展的整体水平推进提供参考,以便为促进农村经济社会发展发挥作用。     

锦屏隆里至黎平古帮地区青白口纪末南华纪早期沉积作用特征

锦屏隆里至黎平古帮地区,青白口纪末南华纪早期沉积作用特征可概括为碎屑流-浊流-悬浮沉积、震积岩和冰碛岩(包括水下泥石流)三个系列,文中讨论了隆里组中下部发育的细砾岩波痕,指出白土地砂体为南华纪初因成冰期来临海平面下降而形成的特殊性地区沉积建造,即长安成冰期开始时低水位氧化环境下的斜坡扇,该砂体常发育与金矿化有关的硅化、...     

大学生依恋的内隐和外显研究

以反应时实验和父母同伴依恋量表的方式，分别测量大学生的内隐和外显依恋现状。目的：揭示大学生的内隐和外显依恋结构是否分离。结果：在内隐依恋的信任和沟通因子上，对同伴的反应时小于对母亲和父亲的反应时；在内隐依恋的疏离因子上，对母亲的反应时小于对同伴和父亲的反应时。依恋内隐实验中的父亲信任和沟通因子呈现了显著的性别差异。在外...